{"id":4063,"date":"2020-05-08T15:29:05","date_gmt":"2020-05-08T13:29:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/finharmony.net\/staging\/?p=4063"},"modified":"2024-05-14T17:30:25","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T15:30:25","slug":"comment-le-petrole-est-il-mis-sur-le-marche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/finharmony.net\/staging\/comment-le-petrole-est-il-mis-sur-le-marche\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment le p\u00e9trole est-il mis sur le march\u00e9 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Comment le p\u00e9trole est-il mis sur le march\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n

Par Christophe Marion <\/a><\/p>\n

Qu\u2019il soit conventionnel ou non, le p\u00e9trole est vendu sur les march\u00e9s. Les deux principaux march\u00e9s sont le New York Mercantile Exchange<\/em> (NYMEX), \u00e0 New York, et l\u2019International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), \u00e0 Londres.<\/p>\n

NB\u00a0: le NYMEX a \u00e9t\u00e9 rachet\u00e9 par le Chicago Mercantile Exchange en 2008. De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, l\u2019IPE a \u00e9t\u00e9 rachet\u00e9 par l\u2019InterContinental Exchange (ICE), dont le si\u00e8ge est \u00e0 Atlanta, en 2001. En 2005, l\u2019IPE a chang\u00e9 de nom pour devenir ICE Futures. Depuis, toutes les transactions y sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur une plateforme \u00e9lectronique.<\/p>\n

Le NYMEX traite les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, dont le WTI. Sur ce march\u00e9, les futures<\/em> <\/strong><\/a>sont sold\u00e9s \u00e0 leur date de maturit\u00e9 par une livraison physique \u00e0 Cushing, dans l\u2019Oklahoma. On dit que ces contrats sont d\u00e9livrables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cushing, Oklahoma, est le carrefour des pipelines aux Etats-Unis (entre Oklahoma City et Tulsa). <\/em>C\u2019est le lieu de livraison des contrats \u00e0 la date de maturit\u00e9. Il dispose d\u2019une importante capacit\u00e9 de stockage, mais celle-ci est satur\u00e9e en p\u00e9riode de basse demande.<\/em>
\nEn rouge, le projet controvers\u00e9 de pipeline g\u00e9ant Keystone XL.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

A la diff\u00e9rence des futures<\/em> <\/a>sur le WTI<\/a>, les futures<\/em> <\/a>sur le Brent<\/a> peuvent se d\u00e9boucler en nature ou en esp\u00e8ces. Autrement dit, \u00e0 Londres, \u00e0 la date de livraison, on livre ou on paie (la diff\u00e9rence). A New York, on livre, ou on paie une indemnit\u00e9 de rupture de contrat, ce qui est potentiellement plus cher, d\u2019o\u00f9 la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019un prix n\u00e9gatif, qui permet d\u2019\u00e9viter de payer une p\u00e9nalit\u00e9 (et un proc\u00e8s) encore plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Conclusion\u00a0: des prix n\u00e9gatifs sont moins probables sur le Brent<\/a> et des modifications ont \u00e9t\u00e9 apport\u00e9es aux r\u00e8gles de fonctionnement du march\u00e9 des futures<\/em> <\/a>WTI<\/a> en avril 2020, pour \u00e9viter que les prix n\u00e9gatifs se reproduisent.<\/p>\n

[Retour \u00e0 l’article principal : Comprendre le prix n\u00e9gatif du p\u00e9trole<\/a>][\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Si vous voulez plus de renseignements contactez nous<\/a> ![\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Comment le p\u00e9trole est-il mis sur le march\u00e9 ? Par Christophe Marion Qu\u2019il soit conventionnel ou non, le p\u00e9trole est vendu sur les march\u00e9s. Les deux principaux march\u00e9s sont le…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":4122,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[734],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-food-for-thought"],"yoast_head":"\nComment le p\u00e9trole est-il mis sur le march\u00e9 ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment le p\u00e9trole est-il mis sur le march\u00e9 ? 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